hip prosthesis

Causes that lead to the need for hip replacement surgery

Hip arthroplasty is the surgical procedure by which the hip joint is replaced by an artificial element, more commonly known as a prosthesis, which is usually made of titanium or other metal alloys. There are many types of hip arthroplasties, although total cemented arthroplasty is usually the best option when performing this surgical intervention.1 The choice when placing one type of prosthesis or another depends on the type of injury that has caused surgery, as well as the age and characteristics of the patient and the surgeon's own criteria. This type of intervention is one of the most common in trauma surgery, and it is estimated that around 300,000 hip arthroplasty surgeries are performed each year worldwide.1,2 Due to this, and despite being a great complexity, the vast majority of these interventions go ahead without setbacks, the mortality rate being one of the lowest in all trauma surgery (23 deaths per 40,000 surgeries, 0.0006%), and normally these cases are due to other complications or associated pathologies that the patient may present, such as coagulation disorders, infections, malignant pathologies.
The hip is a load-bearing joint, and that, in addition to providing us with movement, allows us to stand up (hip surgery). They are frequently affected by trauma (both in young people and adults) as well as cartilage wear. They have complicated systems of ligaments, muscles and tendons that today, their injuries can be successfully treated in all patients and reintegrate them into their daily activities, with a wide choice of management both by surgery (prosthesis, arthroscopic surgery, Fracture Repair, Physical Therapy, Cartilage Protection, Ligament Reconstruction).

HIP INJURIES

OSTEOARTHRITIS

This occurs over time, due to the wear of the hip cartilage, becoming a degenerative disease. In addition to age and sex, it is caused by other factors such as overload, obesity, trauma, low physical activity, among others.

BURSITIS

As in other joints, we have a bag called a bursa, which contains synovial fluid that serves to cushion the shock between bones and tendons. But when this bag becomes inflamed, bursitis occurs.

FRACTURE

Although the hip and shoulder are very stable joints, which allow a large number of movements without any problem, but when a very strong blow is suffered, a shoulder or hip fracture can be caused.

DISLOCATIONS

A dislocation is said to have occurred when the bones that are embedded in the joints move out of place. This is also known as a dislocation.

NECROSIS

This occurs when the bone does not receive blood, causing the bone to die. When this happens, the bone begins to deform and become flat, causing persistent pain leading to surgical intervention.

RHEUMATISMS

This injury occurs when the lubrication between the muscles and tendons decreases, causing them to not slide smoothly, causing friction. Leading to deformity, inflammation and pain.

SYNOVITIS

Synovitis is inflammation of the soft tissues, causing lameness and limited mobility. This is associated with trauma or genetic predispositions.

GLUTEUS TENDONITIS

It is the degeneration and inflammation of the muscles located in the gluteus medius or minor, this is a very common injury among athletes who participate in impact sports.

TROCHANTERITIS

This condition is characterized by chronic pain located in the lateral part of the hip, which is increased when walking, sitting on the side or climbing stairs.